Renal calculi

external

• Synonyms

  • Renal stones
  • Kidney stones
  • Nephrolithiasis
  • Renal calculus

• Causes

  • Hypercalciuria
  • Medullary sponge kidney
  • Indinavir
  • Topiramate
  • Alkaptonuria
  • Dent syndrome
  • Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency

• Effects

  • Haematuria
  • Loin pain
  • Ureteric obstruction
  • Pyelonephritis
  • Sterile pyuria
  • Urinary tract infection

• Parents

  • Renal disease
  • Genito-urinary pathology
  • Urological disease
  • Abdominal X-ray sign

• Children

  • Calcium oxalate stone
  • Uric acid stone
  • Calcium phosphate stone
  • Cystine stone
  • Struvite stone
  • Orotic acid stone

• Treatments

  • Nephrolithotomy
  • Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
  • Pyelolithotomy