"Oestrogen replacement :
orally
transdermal
vaginal route
Oral estrogens associated with a higher risk of venous thromboembolism.
Transdermal estrogens may be safe in this respect.
Contraindications for estrogen therapy:
-history of venous thrombosis
-personal history of breast cancer.
Osteoporosis prophylaxis:
-Bisphosphonates �
-Calcium
-Vitamin D
"