Mitral regurgitation

external

• Synonyms

  • Mitral incompetence
  • MR

• Causes

  • Mitral valve prolapse
  • Rheumatic fever
  • Papillary muscle rupture
  • Myocardial ischaemia
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • Genetic collagen disease
  • Infective endocarditis
  • Ostium primum atrial septal defect
  • Atrioventricular septal defect
  • Partial atrioventricular canal
  • Loffler's eosinophilic carditis

• Effects

  • Breathlessness
  • Fatigue
  • Pansystolic murmur
  • Left atrial hypertrophy
  • Third heart sound
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy
  • Thrusting apex
  • Infective endocarditis
  • Wide splitting of second heart sound
  • Secondary pulmonary hypertension
  • Increased left ventricular end-diastolic dimension

• Parents

  • Valvular heart disease

• Treatments

  • Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
  • Diuretic
  • Mitral valve replacement

• Description

  • "Rx monitor for hypertrophy 6 monthly ACE inhibitor + diuretic MVR if NYHA III-IV
  • EF<60%
  • or LV end-sysstolic dimension >45mm Acute mitral regurgitation is caused by - endocarditis
  • - Papillary muscle rupture "