Hypercalcaemia

external

• Synonyms

  • High calcium

• Causes

  • Prolonged immobilisation
  • Excess parathyroid hormone
  • Carcinoma of breast
  • Osteolysis
  • Lung malignancy
  • Renal cell carcinoma
  • Ovarian tumour
  • Hypervitaminosis D
  • Paget disease
  • Bronchial carcinoma
  • Milk-alkali syndrome
  • Thiazide
  • Lithium
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Thyrotoxicosis
  • Decreased aldosterone
  • Familial hypercalciuric hypercalcaemia
  • Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia
  • Williams syndrome
  • Calcium
  • Epithelial ovarian tumour

• Effects

  • Fatigue
  • Impaired concentrating ability
  • Depression
  • Acute abdominal pain
  • Metabolic bone disease
  • Peptic ulcer
  • Chronic pancreatitis
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Ectopic calcification
  • Corneal calcification
  • Band Keratopathy
  • Digoxin toxicity
  • Short QT interval
  • Hypercalciuria

• Parents

  • Electrolyte imbalance

• Treatments

  • Intravenous fluid
  • Frusemide
  • Electrolyte imbalance
  • Bisphosphonate
  • Prednisolone
  • Mithramycin

• Description

  • "Management of acute hypercalcaemia: 1. Hydration (>2 Liters per day) 2. Diuretics: Furosemide (Lasix) 40-160 mg/day Ethacrynic Acid 50-200 mg/day 3. Electrolytes Sodium 600-900 mmol/day Potassium 60 mmol/day Magnesium 60 mmol/day Phosphate (Neutra-phos) 250 mg PO q6h 4. Disphosphonate (Etidronate) 15-30 mg IV q2-6h for 3-6 days 1200 mg/PO for 6 days 5. Prednisone 5-15 mg PO q6h "