Dehydration

external

• Causes

  • Sweating
  • Renal sodium and water loss
  • Gut electrolyte loss
  • Diabetes insipidus
  • Burn
  • Alcohol
  • Erythroderma
  • Ulcerative colitis
  • Congenital pyloric stenosis
  • Hyperemesis gravidarum
  • Maple syrup urine disease
  • Fanconi syndrome
  • Cryptosporidium parvum infection

• Effects

  • Hypovolaemia
  • Xerostomia
  • Polycythaemia
  • Hypernatraemia
  • Sickle cell crisis
  • Dark urine
  • Oliguria

• Treatments

  • Intravenous fluid
  • Oral water