Carcinoid tumour

external

• Synonyms

  • Carcinoid syndrome
  • Enterochromaffin cell tumour
  • Kulchitsky cell tumour

• Causes

  • Pancreatic islet tumour
  • Type III polyglandular syndrome
  • MEN I

• Effects

  • Facial flushing10.0%
  • Hot flush10.0%
  • Diarrhoea10.0%
  • Acute abdominal pain
  • Bronchoconstriction
  • Elevated urinary 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid
  • High serotonin
  • High gastrin level
  • Ectopic adrenocorticotrophic hormone secretion
  • Dexamethasone suppression fails
  • Pulmonary stenosis
  • Tricuspid regurgitation
  • Mitral stenosis
  • Nicotinic acid deficiency
  • Plethoric face

• Parents

  • Neuroendocrine tumour
  • Small bowel tumour

• Treatments

  • Octreotide
  • Ketanserin
  • Loperamide

• Description

  • "Usually in appendix or rectum Usually with liver metastases
  • unless from lung or ovary Develops from enterochromaffin cells found in:. - small intestine
  • appendix
  • colon
  • rectum - bronchi
  • - pancreas
  • - ovaries. Enterochromaffin cells produce: - histamine - serotonin - dopamine These have profound effects on CVS
  • GI tract
  • lungs Carcinoid syndrome in 10% Malignant potential: <1cm - benign >2cm - malignant 1-2cm 10% cancerous Diagnosis: Urine for 5-HIAA Survival variable
  • 3 to 20 years "