"Due to urinary stasis
Urinary infections increase risk .
Foreign bodies (e.g. suture material) are a nidus for stone formation.
No recognised association with ureteric calculi.
Usually not from the upper urinary tract
More common in elderly men
In Asia
seen more commonly in children
Long-standing bladder stones associated with squamous cell carcinoma
Treatment:
- Transurethral Litholapaxy
- Suprapubic Cystolithotomy"