Aortic stenosis

external

• Synonyms

  • AS
  • Stenosis of aortic valve

• Causes

  • Degenerative valve calcification50.0%
  • Congenital aortic valve malformation30.0%
  • Rheumatic fever10.0%
  • Williams syndrome
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Rheumatoid disease
  • Heyde syndrome

• Effects

  • Anacrotic pulse
  • Narrow pulse pressure
  • Slow rising pulse
  • Heaving apex
  • Ejection systolic murmur
  • Ejection click
  • Soft second heart sound
  • Paradoxical splitting of second heart sound
  • Fourth heart sound
  • Left ventricular outflow obstruction
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy
  • Left ventricular failure
  • Left bundle branch block
  • Cardiac arrhythmia
  • Sudden fall in blood pressure
  • Syncope
  • Sudden death
  • Post-stenotic widening of aorta
  • Gallavardin phenomenon
  • Systolic anterior motion of mitral valve

• Parents

  • Valvular heart disease

• Treats

  • Aortic valve replacement

• Treatments

  • Aortic valve replacement

• Description

  • "Prevalence: 3% of persons age 75-86 have critical AS ESM maximal in aortic area
  • radiation to carotid & apex 70% have angina 25% have syncope 10% sudden death. Risk is <1% per year. 10% develop endocarditis After onset of angina
  • mean survival 5 years. Presence of dyspnoea: mean survival 2 years. Replacement if symptomatic
  • gradient > 50 mmHg
  • valve area < 0.8 sq cm
  • LVH > 15 mm Most often diagnosed when it is asymptomatic."